Contents

Data Source: Parker on the Web

• Résumé : CCCC MS 79, dating from c. 1400 and c. 1410, is the most elaborate decorated Pontifical to survive from medieval England. The text contains the church services particular to bishops, and is a specifically English version rather than the Durandus edition of the Pontifical widely used throughout Europe at this time. Its ownership can be determined from the heraldry on some of its pages, and it seems to have passed through the hands of three bishops who made additions to the text and illumination. The original patron of the book seems to have been Guy de Mohun, bishop of St Davids (1397-1407), and it then passes first to Richard Clifford, bishop of Worcester (1401-1407) and bishop of London (1407-1421) who had further illumination done, and finally to Philip Morgan, bishop of Worcester (1419-1426) and bishop of Ely (1426-1435) who added a section of text. By 1489 the Pontifical was at St Paul's Cathedral because on ff. 1v-2 are added the texts for the ceremony held there in that year of the presentation of the papal sword and cap to Henry VII by Pope Innocent VIII's nuncio. Small framed miniatures and historiated initials illustrate the various pontifical offices, and many pages have elaborate gilded borders and ornamental initials. The book was probably made in London because its artists in their ornament and figure style derive from the illuminators who made the Litlyngton Missal (Westminster Abbey MS 37) in 1383-1384.

  
  

  Contenu :

  
  

  Langue(s) des textes : latin, anglais

  
  

  1r-2r - Reception of a papal nuncio offering the cap and sword to Henry VII

  Note : f. 1r is blank

  Note : On f. 1v, in a hand of cent. xv late, is an ordo

  Note : (1v) Quando recipitur Nuncius apostolicus qui portabit capellum et ensem domino Regi Anglie

  Note : The Pope mentioned is Innocent VIII (1484-1492). The king is Henry (VII)

  
  

  2v-3v - Blessing of a crosier, ring and mitre of an abbot

  Note : (2v) in a large hand of cent. xv (early)

  Note : (2v) Sequitur benedictio baculi pastoralis - anuli - mitre

  Note : (3v) blank

  
  

  4r-12v - Marriage service || Ordo ad facienda sponsalia

  Note : (4r) still in a hand of cent. xv, later than the body of the book. Fully bordered in good English style, conventional foliage

  Note : (4r) Ordo ad facienda sponsalia (with musical cues)

  
  

  13r-20v - Penitential psalms, Benedictions for various occasions and Blessing of a hermit || Psalmi plures et benedictiones

  Note : (13r) Seven Penitential Psalms. Another hand of cent. xv. Arms in initials of Philip Morgan, Bishop of Worcester 1419-1426, and of Ely 1426-1435

  Note : f. 16r sqq. a series of Benedictions, viz.

  Note : De S. Trinitate per totum annum. 2a feria, 3a, 4a, 5a, 6a per tot. annum, in commem. S. Crucis. in sabbato per tot. ann.

  Note : De SS. Fabiano et Sebastiano, Benedicto, ad Vincula S. Petri, Bartholomeo, Egidio, Lucia, de quocumque translato, in cathedra S. Petri

  Note : (18v) Ordo induendi et benedicendi heremitam

  Note : (18v) Init. Hermit bearded, in brown with white scapular (?), kneels to Bishop. Frere, pl. IX, fig. 28

  Note : (19r) Benedictio vestium

  Note : (19r) Small initial of the brown habit and white scapular on blue ground with white flourishing

  Note : Praecedentes quaterniones post codicem exaratum additas videntur, ut ex tabula contentorum proxime sequenti colligi licet

  Note : (20v) blank

  
  

  21r-24v - Table of contents and prayer before mass || Oratio sacerdotis

  Note : Here begins the main part of the book, of which the contents are enumerated by Nasmith

  rubric : (21r) Pontificalis huius libri talis est ordo

  Note : Table of contents with reference to folios

  Note : Ends with Intronizatio archiepiscopi (f. 254v)

  Note : Prayer

  incipit : (22v) Summe sacerdos et uere pontifex

  Note : (24v) Ending

  
  

  25r-25v - Conditions for validity of ordinands || Conditiones ordinandorum secundum sacros canones

  Note : After this begins the original foliation in red (often wanting because the corners of the leaves have been gnawed by mice)

  Note : (25r) Seated bishop. Fully bordered, with arms. Frere, pl. 1. The shields are: L. bottom, Eglesfield. C. Henry IV. R. Clifford

  
  

  Intervenants :

  Hugh of Saint-Victor OSA - author

  25v-30v - Hugh of Saint-Victor OSA, De sacramentis christianae fidei, book 2, part 3, De ecclesiasticis ordinibus (paraphrased and excerpted) || Admonitio informatoria ad primam tonsuram accipientes, et ad omnes alios ordines secundum Hugonem de sancto Victore, libro de sacramentis

  Note : PL 176, cols. 421-30

  
  

  30v-31r - Standards of conduct of a bishop || Quae episcopus in sua ordinatione profitetur se observaturum

  
  

  31r-33v - Edict on the office of a bishop || Edictum quod dat summus pontifex episcopo cui benedicit

  
  

  33v-34r - Confirmation || Ordo ad confirmandum pueros

  
  

  34r-35r - First tonsure || Modus faciendi tonsuras primas et ordinandi clericos

  
  

  35r-36r - Vesting of a bishop for mass || Modus induendi pontificem ad solenniter celebrandum

  
  

  36v-37v - Colour of vestments for services of the year || De colore vestimentorum secundum Romanam ecclesiam quando et quoties per annum variis coloribus in ecclesia utendum est

  
  

  37v-40r - Psalms and prayers at vesting and divesting of a bishop || Quae sunt dicenda induendo et exuendo episcopum

  
  

  40v-41v - Conditions for validity of ordinands || Qualiter ordines agantur

  
  

  41v-42v - Ordinations of doorkeepers || Ordinatio ostiariorum

  Note : (41v) Miniature: Ordination of Ostiarii. Frere, fig. 2

  
  

  42v-43r - Ordination of readers || Ordinatio lectorum

  Note : (42v) Miniature: Ordination of Lectores. Frere, fig. 3

  
  

  43r-43v - Ordination of exorcists || Ordinatio exorcistarum

  Note : (43r) Miniature: Ordination of Exorcists. Frere, fig. 4

  
  

  43v-45r - Ordination of acolytes || Ordinatio accolitorum

  Note : (43v) Miniature: Ordination of Acolytes. Frere, fig. 5

  
  

  45r-46r - Ordination of subdeacons || Ordinatio subdiaconorum

  Note : (45r) Miniature: Ordination of Subdeacons. Frere, fig. 6

  
  

  46r-50r - Litany for ordination of deacons || Litania dicenda in ordinibus et dedicationibus ecclesiarum et aliis agendis

  
  

  46r-53v - Ordination and blessing of deacons || Diaconorum ordinatio

  Note : (46r) Miniature: Ordination of Deacons. Frere, fig. 7

  Note : (50r) Miniature: Blessing of Deacons. Frere, fig. 8

  
  

  53v-58v - Ordination of priests || Presbiterorum consecratio

  Note : (53v) Miniature: Ordination of Priests. Frere, fig. 9

  
  

  58v-60r - Ordinations in Lent || De celebratione ordinum in quarta septimana quadragesimae et in vigilia paschse

  
  

  60r-60v - Confirmation of election and examination of a bishop (Roman form) || Confirmatio et examinatio electorum in episcopos secundum Romanam ecclesiam

  
  

  61r-66r - Consecration of a bishop (Roman form) || Consecratio pontificum secundum Romanam ecclesiam

  Note : Half of f. xxxvii cut away (in the Interrogationes of priests). The text, as Parker notes, recurs on f. xliii

  
  

  66r-67r - Presentation of bishop elect || Decretum quod clerus et populus firmare debet de electo episcopo secundum modum Anglicanum

  Note : (66v) Miniature: Presentation of Bishop Elect. Frere, fig. 10

  Note : Busts of Bishop in initials (4)

  
  

  67r-68v - Confirmation of election and examination of a bishop (English form) || Examinatio et confirmatio electorum in episcopos secundum modum Anglicanum

  
  

  69r-74v - Consecration of a bishop (English form) || Consecratio pontificis secundum modum Anglicanum

  
  

  74v-76v - Pontifical mass at consecration of a bishop || Missa episcopi pro seipso in die consecrationis

  
  

  76v-77v - Enthronement of a bishop || Cathedratio episcopi consecrati cum ad sedem episcopii sui venerit

  Note : (76v) Miniature: Enthronement of Bishop. Frere, fig. 11

  
  

  77v-80v - Blessing of an abbot || Abbatis benedictio

  Note : (77v) Miniature: Blessing of an Abbot. Frere, fig. 12

  
  

  80v-81r - Installation of an abbot or abbess || Installatio abbatis vel abbatissae

  Note : (80v) Miniature: Installation of an Abbot. Frere, fig. 13

  
  

  81r-84r - Blessing of an abbess || Abbatissae benedictio

  Note : (81r) Miniature: Blessing of an Abbess. Frere, fig. 14

  
  

  84r-92r - Consecration of a virgin || Virginum sanctimonialium consecratio

  Note : (84r) Miniature: Consecration of a Virgin. Frere, fig. 15

  Note : (91Ar) A rubric and prayer inserted on slip in Consecration of Virgins

  
  

  92r-94v - Profession of a nun || Professio sanctimonialium non virginum

  Note : (92r) Miniature: Profession of a Nun. Frere, fig. 16

  
  

  94v-96r - Blessing of a widow || Viduarum benedictio

  Note : (94v) Miniature: Blessing of a Widow. Frere, fig. 17

  
  

  96r-98r - Enclosing of an anchoress || Ordo ad recludendum reclusum

  Note : (96r) Miniature: Enclosing of a Recluse. Frere, fig. 18

  
  

  98r-102r - Expulsion of the penitents on Ash Wednesday || Ejectio penitentium feria quarta in capite jejunii

  Note : (98r) Miniature: Penitents leaving the church door 'in capite ieiunii'

  
  

  102r-122r - Reconciliation of the penitents, Consecration of holy oils and mass on Maundy Thursday || Reconciliatio penitentium et totum post officium in coena Domini

  Note : (102r) Miniature: Reconciliation of Penitents

  Note : (108v) Miniature: The Crucifixion with the Virgin and St John. Title, sun and moon: bones lie at the foot of the Cross. This is a tall oblong picture, occupying the lower part of col. 2 (otherwise blank), and is worn by kissing

  Note : (108v) The Crucifixion, occupying lower part of a blank column on lxxxvv before the Canon, is much worn by kissing. The Canon has large decorative initials

  Note : (109r) A fine decorative initial to the Canon of the Mass

  
  

  122v-123v - Reconciliation of an apostate || Ordo ad reconciliandum apostatam a judaismo heresi vel gentilitate reverse vel diu in sententia excommunicationis obstinate

  Note : (122v) Miniature: Reconciliation of an Apostate

  
  

  123v-126v - Ordo for a synod || Ordo qualiter ab episcopo synodus agatur

  Note : (123v) Miniature: A Synod

  Note : Two decorative initials on 101, 102

  
  

  126v-147v - Coronation service of a king || Ordo secundum quem rex debet coronari pariter et inungi

  Note : (126v) Miniature: Coronation of a King

  Note : (136r) Busts of King in initials

  Note : 112v sqq. In initials:

  Note : (136v) The Sword

  Note : (136v) The Armillae

  Note : (137r) The Pallium

  Note : (137r) The Crown, The King crowned

  Note : (137v) The Ring (twice)137v-138r

  Note : (138v) The Sceptre

  Note : (138v) The Rod

  
  

  147v-150v - Coronation service of a queen || Coronatio reginas

  Note : (147v) Miniature: Coronation of a Queen

  Note : (149r) Bust of Queen in initial

  
  

  151r-179r - Consecration of a church || Ordo Romanae ecclesiae ad benedicendam ecclesiam

  Note : The alphabets for dedication of a church are in gold capitals on cxxxiiv, cxxxiiir

  Note : (151r) Miniature: Consecration of a Church, Frere, fig. 19

  Note : (151r) On this page are the arms of Guy de Mona or Mohun, Bishop of St David's 1397-1407

  Note : (175r) Terribilis. Two surpliced boys sing at lectern

  
  

  179r-182v - Consecration of a cemetery || Consecratio cimeterii quum ecclesia non dedicatur

  Note : (179r) Miniature: Consecration of a Cemetery. Frere, fig. 20

  
  

  182v-192v - Consecration of an altar || Dedicatio altaris solummodo

  Note : (182v) Miniature: Consecration of an Altar. Frere, fig. 21

  
  

  192v-193r - Consecration of a portable altar || Ordo de consecratione tabulae portabilis more Gallicano

  Note : (192v) Miniature: Consecration of a Portable Slab. Frere, fig. 22

  
  

  193r-197r - Blessing of salt, water, ashes and wine, and consecration of altar slab || Benedictio salis et aquae, cineris et vini

  
  

  197r-200r - Blessing of a portable altar slab || Benedictio lapidis itinerarii secundum modum Romanae ecclesiae

  Note : (197r) Miniature: Benedictio lapidis itinerarii

  
  

  200r-206r - Reconciliation of a church or cemetery || Reconciliatio ecclesiae violates vel cimiterii

  Note : (200r) Miniature: Reconciliation of a Church (scene in the churchyard)

  
  

  206r-206v - Blessing of the crosier, mitre, gloves and shoes of a bishop || Ordo ad benedicenda parimenta pontificalia sive baculum sive cirothecas aut quaecunque alia

  Note : (206r) Miniature: Blessing of Episcopal Ornaments. Frere, fig. 23

  
  

  206v-206v - Blessing of the seal of the bishop || Benedictio novi sigilli episcopalis

  
  

  206v-207r - Blessing of altar cloths || Benedictio lintheaminum altaris

  
  

  207r-207r - Blessing for various ornaments || Benedictio ad quodcunque volueris

  
  

  207r-207v - Blessing of albs || Benedictio vestimentorum sacerdotalium seu levitarum vel ordinatorum

  
  

  207v-207v - Blessing of girdles || Benedictio zonae

  
  

  207v-207v - Blessing of stoles || Benedictio stolae

  
  

  207v-208r - Blessing of stoles and maniples || Benedictio stolae et manipuli

  
  

  208r-208r - Blessing of chasubles || Benedictio casulae

  
  

  208r-208v - Blessing of albs (alternative) || Alia benedictio ad vestimenta sacerdotalia vel levitica

  
  

  208v-208v - General blessing for church ornaments || Benedictio generalis ad cultum ecclesiae

  
  

  208v-209r - Blessing of corporals || Benedictio corporalium

  Note : (208v) In initial: The Linteamen

  
  

  209r-209r - Blessing of patens || Benedictio patenae consecrandae

  Note : (209r) In initial: Paten

  
  

  209r-209v - Blessing of chalices || Benedictio calicis consecrandi

  Note : (209r) In initial: Chalice

  
  

  209v-210r - Blessing of censers || Benedictio thuribuli

  Note : (209v) In initial: Censer

  
  

  210r-212v - Blessing of bells || Benedictio campanae

  Note : (210r) Miniature: Blessing of Bells. Frere, fig. 24

  
  

  212v-215av - Blessing of a crucifix || Benedictio imaginis crucifixi

  Note : (212v) Miniature: Blessing of a Crucifix

  Note : After clxxxxi is inserted a smaller leaf of cent. xv late with Benedictions of a ring and of a sceptre

  Note : The Benedictions include Alphege, Dunstan, Augustine, Edmund of Canterbury. One is cut out between Peter and Paul and Magdalene

  
  

  216r-216v - Blessing of an image of the virgin Mary || Benedictio imaginis beatas Mariae virginis

  Note : (216r) Miniature: Blessing of an Image of the Virgin and Child

  
  

  216v-217r - Blessing of an image of St John Evangelist || Benedictio imaginis beati Ioannis evangelistae

  Note : (216v) Miniature: Blessing of an Image of St John (apparently a Virgin Martyr holding a palm)

  
  

  217r-217r - Blessing of pyxes or ciboria || Benedictio pyxidis sive vasculi eucharistiae

  
  

  217r-217v - Blessing of the offertory cloth || Benedictio lintheaminis offertorii

  
  

  217v-218r - Consecration of a baptistery || Consecratio baptisterii cum missa pertinente

  Note : (217v) In initial: A Font

  
  

  218r-218v - Blessing of service books || Benedictio librorum ecclesiasticorum

  Note : (218r) In initial: A Book

  
  

  218v-219r - Blessing of gifts to the church || Benedictio cujuscunque muneris vel donati

  
  

  219r-219v - Blessing of processional and military banners || Benedictio vexillorum processionalium vel militarium

  Note : (219r) In initial: Three Banners, one silver with red cross, another gold with red lion, the third gold with red saltire and four red dots

  
  

  219v-221r - Blessing of reliquary caskets || Benedictio capsae reliquiarum vel corporum sanctorum

  Note : (219v) In initial: A Silver Shrine

  
  

  221r-222r - Blessing of reliquary shrines || Benedictio feretri vel scrinii sanctorum

  Note : (221v) In initial: A Gold Shrine

  
  

  222r-224v - Profession of canons regular || Receptio vel professio canonicorum regularium

  
  

  224v-226r - Profession of monks || Monachorum receptio et professio

  
  

  226r-227r - Blessing of oil for the sick || Benedictio generalis olei pro quacunque infirmitate

  
  

  227v-227v - Blessing of a new well || Benedictio putei novi

  Note : (227v) In inital: A well-head of stone

  
  

  227v-227v - Blessing of new fruit || Benedictio novorum fructuum

  Note : (227v) In initial: Bean stalks growing

  
  

  227v-227v - Blessing of bread || Benedictio panis

  Note : (227v) In initial: Loaves on a table

  
  

  227v-228r - Blessing of a new house || Benedictio novae domus

  Note : (227v) In initial: A house of stone, the sun above

  
  

  228r-228r - Liturgy for Excommunication || Excommunicatio sacrilegorum

  
  

  228r-228v - Absolution at confession || Absolutio in foro conscientiae id est secretae confessionis

  
  

  229r-254v - Episcopal benedictions at mass || Benedictiones solemnes episcopi in missa super populum per totum annum

  Note : (229r) Miniature: The Episcopal Blessing at Mass. Frere, fig. 25

  Note : The Blessings for the greater feasts have large decorative initials

  
  

  254v-265r - Baptism service || Officium baptismi

  Note : There is a distinct change of hand at ccxxxi, but the decoration remains the same

  Note : (255r) Miniature: Baptism. Frere, fig. 26

  Note : The Litany on ccxxv (this should be ccxxxv) is Sarum

  
  

  265r-269r - Marriage service || Officium contrahendi sponsalia

  
  

  269r-281v - Visitation and anointing of the sick, Burial service || Officium visitandi infirmos et inungendi et mortuos sepeliendi

  Note : On ccxlii the first hand resumes

  Note : (269r) Miniature: Communion of the Sick. Frere, fig. 27

  Note : (272Ar) After ccxlv is a slip (xv) with part of the office for Ordination of a Bishop

  Note : (272v) Miniature: Office of the dying. A dying man in bed, his soul leaving his mouth. A man and woman stand over him

  Note : The Litany on ccxlvi has Alban, Oswald, Edmund, (Thomas), Alphege; Augustine, Dunstan, Cuthbert, Aldelm, Swithun, Edward: Brigida, Editha, Radegundis

  Note : (277r) Miniature: Coffin with black pall and white cross. Two surpliced singers at lectern. Four candles

  
  

  281v-286r - Enthronement of an archbishop and benedictions || Inthronizatio archiepiscopi

  Note : After the Intronizatio follow three Benedictions in the hand of those on f. 16r etc., viz. for SS. Peter Martyr, Francis, Dominic